Monday, February 11, 2013
Manual Guide Biomass for Power Generation and CHP
Biomass for Power Generation and CHP PROCESSES – Biomass combustion is a carbon-free process because the resulting CO2 was previously captured by the plants being combusted. At present, biomass co-firing in modern coal power plants with efficiencies up to 45% is the most cost-effective biomass use for power generation. Due to feedstock availability issues, dedicated biomass plants for combined heat & power (CHP), are typically of smaller size and lower electrical efficiency compared to coal plants (30%-34% using dry biomass, and around
22% for municipal solid waste). In cogeneration mode the total efficiency may reach 85%-90%. Biomass integrated gasification in gas-turbine plants (BIG/GT) is not yet commercial, but integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC) using black-liquor (a by-product from the pulp & paper industry) are already in use. Anaerobic digestion to produce biogas is expanding in small, off-grid applications. Bio-refineries may open the door to combined, cost-effective production of bio-chemicals, electricity and biofuels.
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